Mathura A Gazetteer-19
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MATHURA A GAZETTEER,
edited and compiled by, D.L. DRAKE-BROCKMAN [1911]
DIRECTORY
PACHAWAR, Tahsil MAHABAN.
This is a large agricultural village in the centre of the tahsil about four miles east of the metalled road from Raya to Baldeo. It lies in 27°28'N. and 77°51'E., at a distance of 12 miles from Muttra and seven miles from Mahaban. The village has an area of 3,347 acres, and was founded by one Bijai Singh, a Bharangar Jat from Anaundha, after whose two sons, Bali and Dhian, the two thoks, into which the village is divided, are named. Juts are the chief inhabitants of the village but the proprietary rights have passed for the most part to Brahmans and Banias, the revenue payable being Rs. 8,347. In 1901 the population numbered 4,242 souls, 3,986 being Hindus, 191 Musalmans and 65 persons of other religions. Pachawar has a primary school and market is held every Sunday, when traffic is carried on in cattle and agricultural produce.
PAIGAON, Tahsil CHHATA.
Paigaon lies exactly half-way between Shergarh and Kosi on the unmetalled road which connects these two places. It is situated in 27°47'N. and 77°33'E., and is distant 24 miles from Muttra and four miles north-north-east from Chhata. The village has an area of 3,578 acres and is held in bhaiyachara tenure by a large community of Jats, the revenue demand being Rs. 5,845. The population in 1881 numbered 2,010 souls, but in 1901 the number of inhabitants had increased to 2,952, of whom 2,857 were Hindus, 91 Muhammadans and four of other religions. The village contains a small aided school and the principal Hindu caste is that of Jats. Here too is a large tract of wood-land known as Paiban, with a pond called Paibankund, where a small fair called the Barasi Naga Ji is held on the seventh day of the dark half of Kuar. The pilgrims, about 1,000 in number, are fed by the mahant of the temple of Chattarbhuj.
PANIGAON, Tahsil MAHABAN.
This village lies six miles north of Muttra in a direct line on the east bank of the Jumna and is distant some eight miles from the district headquarters by road. It lies in 27°34'N. and 77°14'E., in the khadar or alluvial land of the Jumna, which is still flooded in the rains and must have been at no very distant date an old bed of the river. The village occupies an area of 3,892 acres, but the greater part of this is covered by an extensive wood of babul, rionj and chhonkar trees, and the revenue demand is only Rs. 1,120. The village is the property of the Raja of Bharatpur and contains a small temple built by Mohani, the Rani of Suraj Mal, and a large but shallow lake, which dries up in the hot weather, known as the Man Sarovar. On the banks of this lake is a small hermitage, prettily situated in the remains of an old bagh said to have been planted by a Raja of Ballabhgarh, to whom is also ascribed a chhatri with a ribbed stone roof. The population of the village has fallen from 2,074 persons in 1881 to 1,813 in 1901. Hindus number 1,506 and Muhammadans 307, Brahmans being the predominant Hindu caste. There is a school in the place.
PARKHAM, Tahsil MUTTRA.
This small village lies in 27°17'N. and 77°43'E., 17 miles south of Muttra. It is only noticeable as the site of a railway station on the Cawnpore-Achnera railway which is connected by a road with the Agra-Muttra road. The population, including that of the railway station, in 1901 numbered 806 persons, of whom 687 were Hindus, 110 Musalmans and nine of other religions. The prevailing Hindu caste is that of Chamars. The area of the village is 840 acres and the revenue demand Rs. 796, the zamindars being Kashmiri Brahmans and Musalmans. Parkham contains a small aided school and a small fair is held in honour of Jakhaiya every Sunday in the month of Magh. Here was discovered in 1882 a colossal statue of a man, seven feet in height and two feet broad across the shoulders, made of grey sandstone and bearing an inscription of the Asoka period.*( Cunningham,Arch.Rep.,vol.XX,pp.39-41) It is the oldest of all the remains discovered in the Muttra district and is now in the Muttra museum.
PARSON, Tahsil MUTTRA.
Parson lies in 27°34'N. and 77°25'E., at a distance of 18 miles east-north-east from Muttra and seven miles north-east from Gobardhan. The name of the village seems to be derived from a large tank inside the remains of a kadamb grove which is still called Parasuram kund. In the village is an old shrine with the title of Radha Rawan, and on a small khera or mound towards Mahroli are some massive slabs of stone and sculptured fragments called Balbhadr. The village has an area of 3,964 acres and is held revenue free by Raja Madan Singh of Kishangarh. It was granted to his ancestor, Raja Baradh Singh, in 1788 A.D. by Madho Rao Sindhia for the maintenance of a pilgrim house at Brindaban. The Raja also holds nearly all the zamindari which he purchased at auction in 1844. The population of the place in 1901 numbered 2,540 persons, of whom all but 90 were Hindus. The predominant Hindu caste is that of Ahivasis, who formerly owned the village. These people were in days gone-by engaged in the salt trade, and Parson like other Ahivasi villages is characterised by a large number of masonry houses. There is an aided school in the village, the name of which is sometimes written Palson.
PHALEN, Tahsil CHHATA.
This village is situated in 27°48'N. and 77°30'E., at a distance of only four miles from Kosi and 28 miles from Muttra. It has a total area of 5,293 acres and is owned by a large community of Jats, who pay a revenue demand of Rs. 8,500. In 1901 there were 3,711 inhabitants in the place, compared with 3,420 in 1881. Of the whole number 3,438 were Hindus, 215 were Musalmans and 58 were of other religions, mainly Jains. The village contains an aided school and has a weekly market on Mondays; while every year at the time of the Holi, on the full moon of Phalgun, a special fair called the Mela Prahlad Ji is held, of which a description has been given in Chapter III.
PHONDAR, Tahsil MUTTRA.
Phondar is a large agricultural village in 27°22'N. and 77°34'E., distant 17 miles south-west from Muttra, lying close to the Bharatpur border. It has an area of 3,361 acres and is assessed to revenue of Rs. 5,490, the proprietors being Jats, Brahmans and Marwaris. In 1901 the population had increased to 2,333 persons, 2,272 being Hindus and 61 Musalmans, the prevailing Hindu caste being that of data of the Kuntel got. The village was confiscated from its Jat owners at the Mutiny and conferred on Chaudhri Daulat Singh of Ral, but it was eventually restored to the old proprietors. There are about 20 bighas of woodland, called the kadamb khandi, with a pond, from the flowering lotuses in which the village is supposed to derive its name. Round the old khera which is still inhabited there are a number of wells at work, the water being nearer the surface and mere plentiful than elsewhere in the village owing to a substratum of sand. The village has as many as nineteen hamlets.